git status
Show modified files in working directory, staged for your next commit.
git add [file]
Add a file as it looks now to your next commit (stage).
git reset [file]
Unstage a file while retaining the changes in working directory.
git diff
Diff of what is changed but not staged.
git diff --staged
Diff of what is staged but not yet committed.
git commit -m “[descriptive message]”
Commit your staged content as a new commit snapshot.
git config --global user.name “[firstname lastname]”
Set a name that is identifiable for credit when reviewing version history.
git config --global user.email “[valid-email]”
Set an email address that will be associated with each history marker.
git config --global color.ui auto
Set automatic command line coloring for Git for easy reviewing.
git init
Initialize an existing directory as a Git repository.
git clone [url]
Retrieve an entire repository from a hosted location via URL.
git branch
List your branches. A * will appear next to the currently active branch.
git branch [branch-name]
Create a new branch at the current commit.
git checkout
Switch to another branch and check it out into your working directory.
git merge [branch]
Merge the specified branch’s history into the current one.
git log
Show all commits in the current branch’s history.
With platform specific installers for Git, GitHub also provides the ease of staying up-to-date with the latest releases of the command line tool while providing a graphical user interface for day-to-day interaction, review, and repository synchronization.
GitHub for Windows
https://windows.github.com
GitHub for Mac
https://mac.github.com
For Linux and Solaris platforms, the latest release is available on the official Git website.
Git for All Platforms
http://git-scm.com
Teach and learn better, together. GitHub is free for students and teachers. Discounts available for other educational uses.
education@github.com
education.github.com
Retrieving updates from another repository and updating local repositories.
git remote add [alias] [url]
Add a Git URL as an alias.
git fetch [alias]
Fetch down all the branches from that Git remote.
git merge [alias]/[branch]
Merge a remote branch into your current branch to bring it up to date.
git push [alias] [branch]
Transmit local branch commits to the remote repository branch.
git pull
Fetch and merge any commits from the tracking remote branch.
Versioning file removes and path changes.
git rm [file]
Delete the file from the project and stage the removal for commit.
git mv [existing-path] [new-path]
Change an existing file path and stage the move.
git log --stat -M
Show all commit logs with indication of any paths that moved.
Temporarily store modified, tracked files to change branches.
git stash
Save modified and staged changes.
git stash list
List stack-order of stashed file changes.
git stash pop
Write working from the top of the stash stack.
git stash drop
Discard the changes from the top of the stash stack.
Rewriting branches, updating commits, and clearing history.
git rebase [branch]
Apply any commits of the current branch ahead of the specified one.
git reset --hard [commit]
Clear staging area, rewrite working tree from the specified commit.
Examining logs, diffs, and object information.
git log
Show the commit history for the currently active branch.
git log branchB..branchA
Show the commits on branchA that are not on branchB.
git log --follow [file]
Show the commits that changed file, even across renames.
git diff branchB...branchA
Show the diff of what is in branchA that is not in branchB.
Preventing unintentional staging or committing of files.
git config --global core.excludesfile [file]
System-wide ignore pattern for all local repositories.
logs/
*.notes
pattern*/
Save a file with desired patterns as .gitignore with either direct string matches or wildcard globs.
git add and git commit instead use git commit -am "text here".git config --global alias.ac "commit -am"git amend -m "replace text here".git log pretty with this command git log --graph --oneline --decorate