MongoDB is a popular open-source, document-oriented NoSQL database. Instead of storing data in tables like traditional relational databases, MongoDB stores structured data in JSON-like documents.
Key Features
Document-oriented - stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents instead of rows and columns
Scalability - easy to scale horizontally with automatic sharding
High performance - performs well with large datasets and heavy workloads
High availability - supports replication and failover for high availability
Flexible data model - dynamic schemas allow you to store different data in the same collection
Indexing - indexes support faster queries and can include keys from embedded documents and arrays
Components
The main components of MongoDB are:
mongod - The MongoDB daemon that does the core data storage
mongos - The query router that provides sharding
Documents - Data records composed of field-value pairs